海南广藿香叶和茎挥发油化学成分的气相色谱-质谱联用分析

GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil in Leaves and Stems of Pogostemon Cablin Collected from Hainan Province

目的研究超临界CO2流体萃取和水蒸气蒸馏提取法提取海南广藿香叶和茎中挥发油,鉴定各化学组分并测试其含量,为海南广藿香指纹图谱的构建和质量标准的建立奠定基础。方法采用GC-MS技术和标准图谱检索对照、核对和补充检查的方法分离和鉴定各化学组分,用离子流色谱峰面积归一法计算各化学成分的相对含量。结果从水蒸气蒸馏提取的叶挥发油中分离出40个色谱峰,鉴定了35个化合物,占总量的97.82%,含量在1%以上的成分有16个,以百秋李醇含量最高,为24.32%;从水蒸气蒸馏提取的茎油中分离得到17个色谱峰,全部被鉴定。其中12种化合物的含量超过1%,亦以百秋李醇含量最高,为33.32%;从超临界CO2萃取的叶挥发油中分离出39个色谱峰,全部被鉴定,其中含量在1%以上的成分有16个;从超临界CO2萃取的茎油中分离得到24个色谱峰,全部被鉴定,15种化合物的含量超过1%,以百秋李醇含量最高,为22.06%。结论鉴定的化合物主要为薁(甘菊环)、烯、酚、酯、醇、醛、酮、萘、烷、酸类等成分,其中百秋李醇的含量较高。

Objective To analyze and identify the chemical components and relative contents of essential oil extracted by supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction（SFE） and steam distillation（SD） from P.cablin. Methods By using GC-MS techniques,referring to the search of standard spectrum and calculating the relative contents of the chemical compositions with the method of ionic peak area. Results Thirty-five and seventeen compounds were identified in the essential oil of leaves and stems extracted by SD,respectively.There were sixteen and twelve compounds whose relative contents were over 1%,respectively.The relative contents of patchouli alcohol was the most compound in the essential oil of leaves and stems,were 24.32% and 33.32%,respectively.Thirty-nine and twenty-four compounds were identified in the essential oil of leaves and stems extracted by SFE,respectively.There were sixteen and fifteen compounds whose relative contents were over 1%,respectively.The relative content of patchouli alcohol,the most compound in the essential oil of stems,was 22.06%. Conclusion The major compounds are azulene,eudesma,hydroxybenzene,ester,alcohol,aldehyde,ketone,naphthaline,alkyl and acid,and the relative contents of patchouli alcohol in all essential oils are higher than those of other compounds.