内蒙古巴林右旗民间蒙医生药用野生植物的初步调查

A Preliminary Investigation on the Wild Plants Used as Medicine by the Mongolian Folk Healers in Bairin Right Banner,Inner Mongolia

内蒙古巴林右旗6名民间蒙医生所用野生植物共有83种和4变种。民间蒙医生所用植物药以全草类为主,其次为根及根茎类、果实及种子类和花类,对茎木类、皮类及叶类的使用较少。当地民间医生有着选择利用一种植物不同部位的方法。在民间不同蒙医生之间对当地植物种类的选择药用上有着很大的差异。在蒙药和中草药文献上未见民间蒙医生所药用狭长花沙参、长柱沙参、黑桦、内蒙驼绒藜的药用记载。民间蒙医生对野罂粟、瓣蕊唐松草、香青兰、山楂、藜芦、苍术、并头黄芩、菟丝子、斑叶堇菜、小叶锦鸡儿、油松、山丹药用部位的选择与中草药和蒙药学的记载不相同。

There are 83 species and 4 varieties of wild plants used as medicine by the Mongolian folk healers in Bairin Right Banner,Inner Mongolia.The plant medicine used by the local Mongol healers are mainly as entire grass,and roots and rhizomes,fruits and seeds,and flowers are in the next place.Few Caulis and lignum,leafages and cortex are used.The local Mongol healers have a practice to choose different parts of the same plant used as medicine.There are many differences among different local Mongol healers in selecting the plant species to use as medicine.The plants used as medicine by local Mongol healers such as Adenophora elata,Adenophora stenanthina,Betula dahurica and Krascheniniikovia intramongolica are not recorded in the materials of Mongolian medicine and Chinese herbal medicine.The medicinal parts of wild plants such as Atractylodes lancea,Caragana microphylla,Crataegus pinnatifida,Cuscuta chinensis,Dracocephalum moldavica,Lilium pumilum,Papaver nudicaule,Pinus tabulaeformis,Scutellaria scordifolia,Thalictrum petaloideum,Veratrum nigrum,Viola.variegata are different between the records in materials of Mongolian medicine and Chinese herbal medicine.