民族志传记被引量：3

Ethnographic Biography

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摘要民族志传记,简而言之就是通过人类学的田野调查和研究方法,对某一位主体(通常也是文化他者)的生活和经历进行描述的文本,目的是认识他者的社会和文化。民族志传记是人类学的文学转向所产生的一种研究范式,它集中体现了人类学后现代派对于文化、书写(表述)、事实与虚构以及社会和个体的全新阐释,展示了另一种社会和文化事实的理论预设。传统民族志的"真实性"一旦消解,带有太多人类学家主观性因素的、在过去只能算作人类学田野脚注的日记、随笔、散文、素描式的人物刻画,甚至自我感受,在对他者或者个体的研究和阐述中显现出来,并逐渐发展成民族志的一种文学性体裁。民族志传记将自传、传记、民族志等多种文本融合在一起,不同的体裁甚至学科互为语境和参照系,从而使多元阐释成为可能。 Ethnographic biography is the text that describes the life and experiences of a subject(generally the cultural other) through anthropological fieldwork and methods,and its purpose is to understand the culture and society of others.Ethnographic biography,as a paradigm,originated from the so-called literary turn of anthropology that tried to understand and interpret culture as well as the techniques of writing or representing it from a new perspective.Furthermore,a unique interpretation of the relations between truth and fiction,society and individual becomes the focus of the new paradigm that reflects an alternative theoretical presupposition of social and cultural realities.With the deconstruction of the 'authenticity' of the traditional ethnography,the previously suppressed writings of the personally experiential fieldnotes such as diaries,letters,prose and sketches gradually gain their significance and develop into a literary genre of ethnography.In addition,ethnographic biography incorporates different texts such as biography,autobiography,and ethnography so as to form a context of reference for different styles and disciplines.

作者刘珩

机构地区首都师范大学外语学院

出处《外国文学》 CSSCI 北大核心 2012年第2期90-100,159,共11页 Foreign Literature

关键词民族志传记人类学民族志自我真实性他者

分类号 G0 [文化科学]

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参考文献21

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二级参考文献41

1彭兆荣.民族志视野中“真实性”的多种样态[J].中国社会科学,2006(2):125-138. 被引量：75
2Paul Stoller, The Taste of Ethnographic Things: The Senses in Anthropology, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1989, p. 29.
3Michael Herzfeld, A Place in History: Social and Monumental Time in a Cretan Town, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1991, pp. 3-4.
4Michael Herzfeld, Portrait of a Greek Imagination: An Ethnographic Biography of Andreas Nenedakis, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1997, p. 1.
5Michael Herzfeld, Cultural Intimacy: Social Poetics in the Nation-State,p. 185.
6詹姆斯·克利福德等编.《写文化-民族志的诗学与政治学》,高丙中等译,北京:商务印书馆,2006年,第34-48页.
7James Clifford, Routes: Travel and Translation in the Late Twentieth Century, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997, pp. 3--7.
8麦克尔·赫兹菲尔德.《什么是人类常识:社会和文化领域中的人类学理论实践》,第15页.
9Michael Herzfeld, Cultural Intimacy: Social Poetics in the Nation- State, New York: Routledge, 200,5, pp. 3--4.
10Michael Herzfeld, Cultural Intimacy: Social Poetics in the Nation-State, p. 43.