基于湿地二级分类的淮河流域中游湿地景观格局演变研究

Study on the Change of Landscape Patterns of Wetlands in the Middle Reaches of the Huaihe River Basin Based on the Secondary Wetlands Classification

本文采用景观格局转移概率矩阵模型,对基于湿地二级分类的淮河流域中游湿地景观演变进行分析。本文主要分析从上世纪五十年代到1980年这期间,旱地、人居地、林地等景观类型与各湿地类型之间以及各湿地类型相互之间的转换过程。分析结果表明:解放后几十年来,淮河流域中游地区湿地萎缩,虽然总体湿地面积减少不多,但内部结构变化明显,主要表现为大量的湿地转变成水田和非湿地,大量的天然湿地演变成人工湿地和非湿地,其中又以作为天然湿地主体的河湖湿地损失最多,并存在河湖湿地—滩地—非湿地的演变过程。

This article adopted the model of transformation probability matrix to analyze the change of wetland landscape in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River basin based on the secondary wetlands classification. We mainly analyzed the transformation course between dry land, residential land, and forest land to all kinds of wetlands, also between all kinds of wetlands each other from 1950s to 1980. Results showed that wetlands shrinked in the area, although the reduction of wetlands area was small, internal structural changed significantly. The main changes of the wetland landscape patterns in the middle reaches of the basin are： a great deal of wetlands transformed to paddy field and non-wetland, and some transformed to constructed wetland. River and lake reduced mostly and there was the changing process of river and lake to floodland to non-wetland.