科学技术在自然界演化状态中的作用探析

Research on the Function of Science and Technology during the Process of Bringing the Evolutional States of Nature into Living Environment of Human Beings

阐明科学和技术的本质,是科学哲学和技术哲学的基本问题。本文根据自然界演化的过程对其进行梳理,在演化论的视域下,对科学技术本质进行了重新解读。根据马克思"解放观"的思想,对自然界的演化过程进行了分析,说明了对各种演化态引入的具体的科学和技术以及人类是如何利用科技把"非常态"引入到"常态"的。通过这些思考更加明确了科学技术是人类争取自由、获得解放的重要工具,认为科学技术的本质是人类从自然界的各种演化状态中解放出来,即把"非常态"引入到"常态"环境的中介和手段。通过对自然演化状态中的每一个状态加以分析,肯定了科学技术在人类社会发展中的重要作用。本文从自然界的演化过程出发,具体探讨了科学技术在自然演化态向人类生存环境引入中的作用以及人类从各种演化态中解放的具体形式,进一步丰富了人工过程论的科学技术观,深化了对科学技术本质及相关问题的认识。

The clarification of the nature of science and technology is the fundamental question in philosophy of science and philosophy of technology.According to the evolution process of nature,this paper tries to re-recognize the nature of science and technology.According to viewpoint of Liberation Conception,the evolution process of the nature is analyzed.Concrete science and technology has been explained by which human beings bring in various evolutional states and the explanation has been given on how to use science and technology to bring the ＂abnormal state＂ into the ＂normal state＂.According to the analysis of the four evolutional states of nature,the important role of science and technology in the development of human society is confirmed. From the evolution process of nature,this paper illustrates the forms in which human beings liberate themselves from the various evolutional states of nature and also displays the final effect.It enriches the Science-Technology Conception of thetheory of artificial process.The understanding of the nature of science and technology as well as the related problems has been deepened.