pH的量传体系及其观测仪器的计量标准

pH Transferring System and the Metrological Standard for its Observation Instrument

本文主要介绍了有关 p H标度、国家 p H基准和 p H工作标准的建立方法、标准缓冲溶液的配置与保存方法以及 p H的量值传递体系。由于海洋现场 p H观测仪器在测量原理和计量标准等方面与常规实验室 p H计室完全相同 ,因而只要采用国家 p H计量标准和合理的计量检定方法对仪器进行校准检定 ,便可以使观测量值溯源到国家基准 ,从而海洋调查资料达到准确一致的目的。另外 ,本文作者还阐述了实验室 p H计的计量检定方法 ,提出了对现场观测仪器在温度补偿和压力校准等方面的一些初步意见 ,供有关技术人员参考。

This paper discusses the pH standard and its working standard's establishment, preparation and storing of pH buffer solution, and pH transferring system. Because in-situ pH measurement principle and metrological standard are the same with laboratory pH measurement, so the observation value can trace to the national standard by adopting national pH standard and proper calibration procedures, therefore keeping the accuracy and uniformity of the marine investigation information. The author also presents some views about lab-pH calibration methods, temperature and pressure effects on in-situ pH measurement for reference. Key words: pH transferring system ,metrological standard? We studied mineral charateristics around the bound between Eocene and Oligocene according to examples from site 573 provided by ODP.There are 6 layers(1,2,3,4,5 and 6)from up to down.About 30% of black angular glassy matters are contained in layer 2(the nanno chalk containing glass).Its chemical compositions are like those of alkaline basalt,but the Ir is quite high(0 49～0 85%)according to EPMA.Whether they are formed by a volcano or by a meteorite impact needs to be researched further. Layer 4,the boundary layer of Eocene and Oligocene is a layer of metalliferous claystone about 3 4 m thick.It has a complexed mineral combination and 10 or more types of minerals such as quartz,cristobalite,barite,illite,apatite,clinoptilolite,phillipsite,montmorillonite,geothite and homblendite,and calcite is contained only at top and bottom.Abundant Fe element and Fe group elements such as Ni,Co and Ir are contained in the layer.Microtektites are also found in the layer,especially in the bottom of it.These characteristics show that the formation of the metalliferous claystone may have some relationship with meteorite impact. According to the mineral charateristics of the strata between late Eocene and early Oligocene,the distribution of microtektites,the extinction of many organisms,the fluctutions of the calcite compensation depth and so on,we infer that a catastrophic event from a meteorite impact might occur at the end of Eocene.