组织工程学技术与运动性骨损伤的修复

Tissue engineering technique and the repair of exercise-induced bone injury

背景:运用组织工程方法修复骨损伤近年来研究的热点。目的:综述骨组织工程学研究现状以及亟待解决的关键问题。方法:以"组织工程学,运动性骨损伤,生物支架材料,骨的血管化,种子细胞"为中文关键词,"Tissue engineering,Sports bone damage,Biological material scaffold;Vascularized bone;Seed cells"为英文关键词,检索1994-01/2010-12PubMed数据库与维普数据库相关文章。结果与结论:尽管组织工程学修复骨缺损已取得很大的成就,但真正应用于临床创伤缺损修复还有很多问题需要解决:如何解决种子细胞易老化,表型易丧失的问题;如何增强细胞与支架材料的亲和力;如何为替代组织提供良好的血供与神经支配;如何更逼真地模拟人体内环境,使培养的细胞和预制成的组织器官在体内也能经受住考验;如何降低免疫反应等。

BACKGROUND：Application of tissue engineering in the repair of bone injury has been a research focus in recent years.OBJECTIVE：To summarize the research status and key problems to be solved on bone tissue engineering.METHODS：An online search of PubMed database and VIP database was performed for relevant articles published between January 1994 and December 2010,using keywords of ＂tissue engineering;athletic bone injuries;biological scaffold materials;vascularized bone;seed cells＂ in English and Chinese.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Although great achievements have been made in the repair of bone defect by tissue engineering,but there still exists many unsolved problems in the actual application of tissue engineering in clinical trauma repair：how to solve the problem of seed cell aging and easy loss of phenotype;how to strengthen the affinity between the cell and scaffold materials;how to provide a good blood supply and neural control for the alternative organization;how to construct a more realistic simulation environment so that the cultured cells and prefabricated organs can also stand the test in the body;and how to moderate the immune response,etc.