汉代兵簿档案管理——以居延汉简为例

Soldiers archival management in Han dynasty——taking Juyan Bamboo slips as an example

兵器是重要的战争资源且数量极多、价值巨大,因此有必要采取各种方式加强对武库兵器的管理。在汉代,上到太守府、都尉府下至障燧等各级机构都负有对兵器进行管理并严格记录兵器档案的职责,而且还以兵簿管理的好坏来考核官员的业绩。通过兵器档案的逐级上报、审查和对档案内容失实、上报失期等责任的追查,严密地将汉代军政中各级部门系统地联系起来,构成统一的军政兵器武库运作管理系统。汉代中央政府通过兵簿档案管理,将军队地方最基层的组织和中央联系起来,是中央控制地方军事力量的有效手段。

As the important resources of war, weapons are in great number and of significant value, so it is necessary to adopt various means to strengthen the management of weapon arsenal. In the Han dynasty, the administrations from Taiwei to Duwei at all levels have the duties to manage weapons, to record enginery archives, and to evaluate the officialg performance according to their archival management work. By tracing, reviewing and reporting the weapons archives, the military and political systems at all levels are closely linked to form a unified political and military weapons arsenal operation management system, which is an effective mean applied by the central government to control the local military forces.