简评麦夸里时代

Brief Comment on the Macquarie Era

麦夸里是澳大利亚早期历史时期一位杰出的政治家。在他管理的十一年中,新南威尔士有了较大发展。人口大幅增长,耕地大幅增加,羊的数量翻了十几倍,牛的数量也翻了将近十倍,猪的数量翻了3倍,马的数量也翻了3倍,促使流放地逐渐向自由移民殖民地转化。所以麦夸里使新南威尔士州从早期一块以收容犯下放逐罪者的殖民地,发展至能吸引自由移民,当中的转变和诸多措施,对19世纪前叶的澳大利亚社会产生了深远的影响力。

Macquarie is an outstanding statesman in the early history of Australia.During the eleven years of his govern,New South Wales has made great progress：substantial population growth,enormous increase in agricultural land,sheep turned over a dozen times,the number of cattle nearly doubled ten times,tripled the number of pigs,the number of horses also tripled,to promote the transformation of penal colony into free settlement.So Macquarie has crucial contribution on the transition of New South Wales from a exile land to a free settlement and therefore to have played a major role in the shaping of Australian society in the early nineteenth century.