学龄前儿童家长对儿童忽视认知及健康教育需求定性分析

Qualitative research of awareness and health education needs on child neglect among the parents or guardians of children aged 3-6 years

目的了解3～6岁儿童家长对儿童忽视的认知和健康教育需求,为防治儿童忽视教育提供依据。方法采用个人深入访谈方法,对20名3～6岁儿童家长进行访谈。结果 20名被访家长中,18名家长没有听说过儿童忽视名词,15名家长认为打骂自己的孩子不算忽视;多数家长认为对儿童进行忽视的是家长和老师;所有被访家长均认为,儿童忽视会严重影响儿童心理和生长发育;绝大多数家长对被忽视儿童同情、但不是自己的孩子也管不了、有心无力、怕认为多管闲事;认为应是政府、社会、家长、老师、全民共同防治儿童忽视。非常有必要、也需要普及相关教育,且应尽快实施;应运用电视、讲座、网络、书报、传单、手册的形式在幼儿园的家长会、社区、公共场合等加大宣传的力度和广度。结论 3～6岁儿童家长对儿童忽视的认知匮乏,相应健康教育缺失,有强烈的教育需求。

Objective To understand the awareness and health education needs on child neglect among the parents or guardians of children aged 3-6 years,and to provide reference for child neglect prevention and intervention program.Methods By using in-depth interview,20 parents or guardians of 3-6-year-old children were interviewed.Results It was found that 18 interviewees had never heard of the words of child neglect.Fifteen interviewees considered it was not child neglect to assault,battery or scold their own child.The majority of interviewees thought the children were neglected by parents or guardians and teachers mainly.All the participants thought neglect child may badly affect child psychology and growth development.The majority of interviewees sympathize with neglected children,but they were afraid of being considered officious.It should be the government,society,parents,teachers and national together prevent and cure child neglect.It is very necessary to popularize health education on child neglect as early as possible;Ought to increase the strength and breadth of propaganda through TV,lecture,Internet,books and newspapers,leaflet and handbook in playschool,community and public place.Conclusion The majority of parents or guardians have poor knowledge on child neglect,deficiency of health education,but blazing needs.