滥举与滥捕:江苏省禁烟禁毒运动中的保甲长与军警(1934-1937)

Abuse Accusation and Arrest:The Headmen,Army Soldiers and Police in Anti-drug Campaign (1934-1937) in Jiangsu

1933年,陈果夫主政江苏以后,江苏省政府对烟毒的查禁改放任为统制,要求保甲长和军警进行检举和查挤。不过,由于联保连坐的压力、官员自上而下的纵向压力、硬性指标和数字攀比的横向压力,不仅造成了保甲长的滥举和军警的滥捕现象,还导致了诬告和索诈的盛行。因此,禁烟禁毒运动并未达到预期的目标。

In 1933, after Chen Guofu came into power and governed Jiangsu, the Jiangsu Government issued the policy to change the smoke toxicity from laissez - faire to control. The headmen, army soldiers and police were required to report and investigate. However, because of the pressure from various sources： UNPROFOR guilt, the top - down pressure from officials, the lateral pressure from hard targets and from the statistic compari- sons, the headmen reported abusively and the soldiers and police arrested innocent people excessively. As a re- suit, false accusation and extorting were prevailing, and the campaign failed to meet its expectations.