城市化背景下农业产业化经营的现状、原因及对策——以杨凌示范区为例

Agriculture industrialization operation's present situation, reason and countermeasure under urbanization background

以杨凌示范区为例,农业产业化经营的现状优势和困境并存的局面。优势在于产业集群初具规模,农字为主的品牌战略,农产品基地规模化,农业文化旅游飞速发展以及关注三农问题的调查增多;困境在于组织化程度低,社会化服务体系和市场流通体系不健全,科教培训和法律支持机会缺乏,农村老龄化严重。造成这种现状的原因在于,第一产业的局限性,社会保障制度不健全,户籍制度不合理,存在小农意识。为此从健全社会保障机制、政策扶持机制、销售畅通机制、加工储存机制、规范化品牌化机制以及教育培训机制作为对策,以提高农业综合效益。

As indicated by the research in Yang ling of Shaanxi province, industrialized operation of agri- culture under the urbanization background is charac- terized by obvious transition features. It was found that industrialized operations of agriculture mainly represent the superiority aspect and inferiority as pect. The superiority aspect include industrial commu- nity have fundamentally taken shaped, with more atten- tion paid to the study of agriculture＇s brand strategy, agricultural products bases became production of scale, agricultural culture of the tours developed quickly and draw attention to farmers and agriculture. The inferiority aspect include industrialized opera- tion of agricultures were low-grade regimented, rural socialized service system and market system were imperfect, lack of education and training or legal sup- port, The aging population was getting to be the seri- ous issue. This research found that current situation of industrialized operation of agriculture can not be improved due to agriculture limitations,the social se- curity system and household registration system were imperfect, small farmer consciousness. This paper pro- vided possible solutions from sound social security system, policy support mechanisms, sales mechanism, processing storage mechanism, standardization and the brand mechanism, education and training mechanisms, thereby optimizing the overall efficiency of agricul- ture.