云南省德宏州奶水牛业可持续发展前景分析

Sustainable Development Prospects of Milking Buffalo Industry of Deihong Prefecture,Yunnan Province

分析云南德宏州发展奶水牛产业在自然气候、区位、市场、饲草资源、国家及地方政府宏观产业政策等方面的优势,及德宏州奶水牛产业总体规模小、饲养分散、杂交改良进展缓慢、饲草品质粗劣、草畜季节矛盾尖锐、相关服务体系建设滞后等存在问题。提出实现德宏奶水牛产业可持续发展的建议:正确处理德宏水牛地方品种资源保护与杂交改良之间的关系;扩大奶水牛的养殖规模,引导养殖户走规模化、集约化的发展道路;合理开展农田种草,增加优质饲草供应;完善奶水牛业相关科技和社会服务体系。

The development of milking buffalo industry in Dehong Prefecture does not only fit the need for social development,but also has more advantages in many aspects such as climate,location,market,pasture resources,and the macro-economic policy of the national and the local government,etc.But it is also facing many unfavorable factors,such as the milking buffalo industry with small-scaled and dispersed animal keeping,the slow procedure of breed improvement,the poorness of pasture quality,the acute seasonal conflict between grass and livestock and the far-behind social service system which is closely related to the milking buffalo industry,and so on.In order to ensure the sustainable development of the milking buffalo industry in the future,the following measures should be observed： First,the relationship between protection of Deihong buffalo variety resource and crossbreeding should be correctly handled.Second,the breeding scale of milking buffalo should be expanded to direct farmers to the way of industrialization and intensive raising.And then,plantation of fodder crops should be carried out on farm land to increase supply with high-quality forage.In addition,the corresponding service system of both in science and technology and in society should also be improved.