骨髓间充质干细胞向神经细胞分化的相关信号通路研究现状

Current researches of signal pathways involved in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiation into nerve cells

背景:研究表明骨髓间充质干细胞被诱导分化成为神经细胞涉及的信号通路复杂多样。目的:总结分析骨髓间充质干细胞向神经细胞分化过程中涉及的信号通路研究进展。方法:应用计算机检索CNKI和Web of Science数据库中2001-01/2010-12关于骨髓间充质干细胞分化为神经细胞的文章,以"骨髓间充质干细胞,神经细胞,信号"或"bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,neural cells,signal"为检索词进行检索,重点对19篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:细胞信号通路之间的关系错综复杂,相互之间或协调促进,或拮抗抑制,从而使得调节细胞的特异性应答更加精确。多条信号转导通路参与调控骨髓间充质干细胞向神经细胞分化,BMSCs向神经细胞的诱导分化过程中,所涉及的信号通路也并非独立存在,包括Ca2+信号通路、蛋白激酶A信号通路、MEK-ERK通路、PI3K/AKt信号通路、MAPK信号通路等,信号通路之间关系复杂,彼此相互关联存在。

BACKGROUND： Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） can be induced to differentiate into nerve cells in appropriate culture conditions. OBJECTIVE： To review various signal pathways referred to the process of BMSCs differentiation into nerve cells. METHODS： The databases of CNKI and Web of Science were searched for the articles about BMSCs differentiation into nerve cells published from January 2001 to December 2010. The key words were ＂bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, neural cells, signal＂ in Chinese and English. Finally, 19 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The relationship between cell signaling pathways is complex, and thus it is more accurate for the regulation of cell-specific responses. A series of signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into nerve cells, including Ca2＋ signaling pathway, protein kinase A signaling pathway, MEK-ERK pathway, PI3K/AKt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, which are interrelated with each other.