英汉“给予类”动词与格转换和编码策略

Dative Alternation and Encoding Strategy of Give-class Verbs in English and Chinese

英汉语"给予类"动词都能参与与格转换,表达的都是致使事件。我们依据意义决定句法行为这个理念,对英汉给予类动词进行了跨语分析,发现两种语言使用的三阶述语论元编码策略相同,即都使用直接论元策略和间接策略,但是英语仅采用R(与事)与格结构,而汉语还可使用T(客体)介宾结构间接编码策略。

Give-class verbs in English and Chinese can participate in dative alternations and they denote caused events. A cross-linguistic study is conducted on give-class verbs in English and Chinese based on the assumption that a verb＇s own meaning plays a key role in determining its syntactic behavior. The study shows that English and Chinese employ the same encoding strategy for their three-place predicates, i.e., direct argument strategy as well as obligue and adjunct strategies. However, English only utilizes R-type obliques and adjuncts, Chinese uses T-type obliques and adjuncts as well.