南京祖堂山南唐3号墓考古发掘的主要收获及认识

Excavation and Research of the No.3 Southern Tang Tomb at Zutangshan Site in Nanjing

祖堂山南唐3号墓位于顺陵西北约100米的南唐陵园西墙之内,其砖室平面呈"中"字形,由甬道、墓室、耳室等部分构成。尽管墓葬早年多次遭盗扰,但仍出土银、玉石等质地遗物40余件。根据墓葬规模、形制、出土遗物的特点以及墓葬在陵园内的位置、遗骸鉴定结果等,墓葬时代应为南唐,墓主极有可能是南唐后主李煜昭惠国后周氏,陵号懿陵。该墓是20世纪50年代初南唐二陵发掘后祖堂山南唐陵区的最重要考古发现。

The No.3 Southern Tang Tomb was discovered at the Zutangshan site of Nanjing,the same area where the two famed Southern Tang mausoleums,generally called Nantangerling,were unearthed.The tomb is composed of chambers and paths which were arranged in the shape of the Chinese character ＂中＂.Over 40 objects including silver and jade wares were unearthed despite that the tomb has been raided for several times.According to the scale,structure and location of the tomb,the characteristics of the unearthed objects,and the result of the bone identification,it is believed that the tomb was from Southern Tang time and the owner is mostly likely to be Empress Zhou,wife of Emperor Li Yu of the Southern Tang.It was named Yiling in history.This tomb has been the most important archaeological discovery concerning the Southern Tang mausoleums at the Zutangshan site since the excavation of Nantangerling in the 1950s.