近代太湖地区的蚕业教育与蚕种改良(1897—1937)

Silkworm Industry Education and Improvement of Silkworm Seeds in the Area of Taihu Lake in the Modern Time

清中叶之后,由于闭关锁国政策和墨守成规的思想影响,中国长期以来一直占据世界领先地位的蚕桑业逐渐开始衰落,有志之士认识到蚕业生产技术改进的迫切性和重要性。在实业救国的背景下,清末太湖地区掀起了如火如荼的蚕种改良和兴办蚕桑学校的浪潮。这些蚕桑学校不但是蚕业生产技术改革的承担者,还在改良蚕种的制造和推广方面发挥了巨大的作用,使得近代太湖地区的蚕种改良取得了突破性的进展。

The silk industry in Taihu district was the most developed in the long time of the whole World began to decline after the middle period of Qing Dynasty, because of the policy of seclusion and stick in the mud. And some intellectuals recognized the importance and urgency of sericuhure production improvement. In the late Qing Dynasty, there raised a bandwagon of the improvement of silkworm seeds and the establishment of sericuhural schools in the Taihu area under the background of ＂saving the nation by engaging in industry＂. These schools not only were the undertakers of the reformation of technologies, but they played a great role in the producing and promoting of new silkworm seeds, which enabled this area a breakthrough progress in the improvement of silkworm seeds.