碳税与国际贸易的双向作用机理及我国的政策选择

Bi-directional Mechanism between Carbon Tax and International Trade and Policy Choice in China

碳税是经济发达国家将国际贸易问题与全球气候变化联系起来的产物。碳税的开征对各国贸易竞争力、国际贸易分工格局和国际贸易规则的调整等都会产生较大的影响。在国际气候条约没有达成的背景下,由国际贸易活动引致的"碳泄漏"会使得碳税抑制碳排放的功效大打折扣,但从长远看国际贸易也有可能推动碳税在全球的普及。本文从多个视角辩证地分析了碳税与国际贸易之间的相互作用机理,并探讨了在全球气候变化背景下对我国出口贸易乃至整个经济发展都会产生重要影响的碳税政策选择问题。

Carbon tax is the result of international trade problems with global climate change driven by developed coun- tries. Carbon tax has important effect on international trade competitiveness,international trade activities and international trade rules. Before reaching the international climate treaty, carbon leakage caused by international trade will make the goal of reduc ing carbon emissions by carbon tax partially fail. But in the long run ,international trade may also promote popularization of car bon tax in the world. To cope with global climate change and carbon tax＇s influence on china properly, it is very important to re alize the relationship between carbon tax and international trade accurately.