首阳斋藏■器与西周宗法社会的贵族教育

Li Vessels Collected by Shouyangzhai and Elite Education in the patriarchal Lineage Society of Western Zhou Dynasty

本文对新近公布的首阳斋藏西周早期簋铭文作以考释,认为其反映了西周早期宗法社会贵族的教育问题,并得出了庶子虽不能直接继承祖考职事,但才艺考核优秀者亦可被任以官职的结论。簋铭文为研究周代贵族子弟尤其是庶子的教育和任官问题提供了新材料。

The author makes textual criticisms and explanations in response to the newly released bronze inscription on theLi gai（簋） vessel from the collection of the Shouyang zhai. The vessel is dated to the early Western Zhou Dynasty. According to the author＇ s research, the inscription reveals regulations surrounding the education of noble families. For example, the son of a man and his concubine （Shuzi庶子） was given limited opportunities for government jobs because of his illegitimate lineage status. He could obtain official positions only if he passed the exams with excellence, and he did not have the right to inherit any of his forbears＇ office positions. The bronze inscription provides new insight into the education of the nobles, especially of the Shuzi in the early West Zhou Dynasty, and also the process of assignment for government officials.