论古文字通假的文献释证法

The Testing and Explanation of Tongjia through Textual Evidence

破古文字通假,形音义释读在上下文中得以密合,是第一步的基础性工作,之后必须具备文献求证的实验过程。文献求证如何有效地进行,是古文字考释的方法论问题。本文以王辉《古文字通假字典》(2008年)为举证范围,从所据文献之有效度的强弱入手,将古文字通假的文献释证法分作六种类型依次加以论述。

The first and basic stage of explaining a paheograph should focus on its phonetic and semantic meanings and its coherence with the whole context. Then it is necessary to test the explanation by textual evidence. In the field of Palaeography, it is also a methodological issue that how to test an explanation derived from the first stage efficiently. This article is trying to analyze and discuss six types of tests using various types of textual evidence, which are different in terms of their reliability, based on the examples listed in the Dictionary of Tongjia in Palacography compiled by Wang Hui （2008）.