水稻功能基因图位克隆研究进展

Research Advance in Map-Based Cloning of Genes in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

图位克隆是建立在植物分子标记图谱之上的一种基因克隆技术。利用分子标记技术对目的基因进行精细定位,用与目的基因紧密连锁的分子标记筛查DNA文库,构建包含目的基因区域的物理图谱,通过染色体步移等方法找到包含目的基因的克隆,再通过遗传转化试验对目的基因进行功能验证。介绍了基因图位克隆的研究技术原理与技术环节,并对近年来水稻功能基因图位克隆研究进展进行了综述。

Map-based cloning refers to a technique for the isolation of genes characterized by a phenotypic alteration usually caused by variation in its DNA sequence.The central procedure used in map-based cloning is the genetic mapping of the gene of interest at extremely high resolution.The high resolution mapping results in the identification of a small interval harboring the gene.Further intermediate steps such as the establishment of clone-based physical maps,the identification of expressed regions and extensive sequencing and sequence annotation may be necessary.Finally,several approaches may be used for the verification of the identified gene harboring a sequence polymorphism.The progress in Map-based cloning of the function genes in rice（Oryza sativa L.） was reviewed.