赣南不同土壤类型脐橙园叶片营养状况研究

Study on Leaf Nutrition of Newhall Navel Orange on Different Soil Types in Southern Jiangxi

从赣州市10个县(市、区)的沙质红壤、黏性红壤、紫色土和黄壤等131个枳砧纽荷尔脐橙园采样测定叶片营养元素含量,分析营养丰缺状况。结果显示,赣南脐橙园普遍存在叶片氮、钾偏高而镁、锌不足的问题。土壤类型对叶片氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铁和锰含量有显著(P<0.05)影响:沙质红壤果园磷、铁更为丰富;黏性红壤果园氮含量最高,钾的过量程度和镁的缺乏程度都最轻;黄壤果园磷更丰富,钙更缺乏,锰最容易过量;紫色土果园氮、磷含量最低,钾易过量,钙较丰富,镁最缺乏,有部分pH值较高的果园植株缺铁。叶片硫、锌、铜、硼和钼在不同土壤类型的果园间差异不显著(P>0.05),但有相当比例的脐橙园叶片缺铜,少量果园叶片缺硼,大多数果园叶片硫含量适宜,所有果园叶片钼含量适宜。

Leaf samples of Newhall navel orange（Citrus sinensis Osbeck） were collected from 131 orchards,representing 4 different kinds of soils（clay red soil,sandy red soil,yellow soil and purple soil）,in 10 counties of southern Jiangxi to analyze the nutrient content.Results showed that the content of N and K of all sampled leaves were excessive while Mg and Zn were insufficient.The content of N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe and Zn was significantly different（P〈0.05） in different types of soils.No significant difference was found in the content of S、Zn、Cu、B and Mo.The leaves collected from sandy red soil had a higher content of P and Fe.The highest content of N was found in leaves from clay red soil,and the occurrence of excessive K and insufficient Mg was rare in this type of soil.Higher P and insufficient Ca were observed in leaves from yellow soil orchards,where leaf Mn was more excessive than the other samples.The leaves on trees in purple soil had the lowest content of N,P and Mg,higher K and Ca,and were usually deficient in Fe if combined with a high soil pH.Leaves of navel orange trees in many orchards of the studied area were seriously deficient in Cu and leaves from a few orchards were deficient in B.The leaf content of S and Mo in all sampled orchards was optimal.