上海近海(洋山)海水主要成分及微量元素分析

Analysis of dominant ingredients and trace elements of offshore sea water in Yangshan,Shanghai

为研究人为活动等因素对近海海水成分和海洋环境的影响,本文使用离子色谱(IC)和电感耦合等离子体质谱技术(ICP-MS)分别对上海沿海(洋山)海域海水中的主要成分和43种微量元素含量进行了分析。通过钠度和富集因子等参数将测量值与全球海水平均值进行了比较分析。结果显示:上海近海海水受长江等陆地河流的冲淡作用,主成分浓度整体下降,但主成分之间的比例变化不大;人为活动对近海海水微量元素的含量有显著影响,在海水被冲淡的背景下,40种所测微量元素发生不同程度的富集,富集的可能来源有海事航运活动、沿海及长江流域工业废弃物排放及沿海河流水土流失等。

In order to investigate the influence of human activities to the offshore seawater component and marine environment, IC and ICP-MS was used to analyze the dominant ingredient and 43 trace elements of offshore sea water, which was sampled from Yangshan sea area. The measured values were analyzed by comparing with the mean value of the ocean water all over the world using sodicity and enrichment factor. Results revealed that offshore sea water near Shanghai was diluted by the Yangtze River as the concentration of most dominant ingredients were obviously lower than the mean value of the ocean water all over the world while their sodicities stay the same. To the contrary, most （40） trace dements enriched inordinately. The sources of enrichment were probably from corruption of seacrafts and emission of shipping and freight vehicle, issues of industries at Yangtze River Delta and the soil erosion of rivers such as Yangtze River.