反乌托邦小说中的现代性忧思

Reflections on the modernity in the dystopia novels

20世纪西方反乌托邦小说的主题可以归结为对于近代以来现代性发展与建构的深刻反思,其中渗透着对于人类的命运与未来的沉重的忧虑。这种反思与忧虑是在多个层面展开的,而其核心意旨,则是对于现代科技和现代政治的反思与批判。它们直接的思想根源是对于现代性的再度认识和评价,而其内在动力则来自现代性自身的诸多悖论与问题。尽管反乌托邦小说并未提出解决问题、走出困境的方案,但在其振聋发聩的警世之音中霍然警醒,正是化解人类所面临危机的第一步。

It is observed that the main theme of the anti-utopia novels in the west during 20th century centers on the development of modernity, reflecting deep worries about human destiny or the future. It is argued that the reflections are aimed at the criticisms of the politics and modernity. Moreover, their imme- diate source of thoughts results in the reinterpretations of modernity with the miscellaneous paradoxes be- ing the potential motives.