《论语》中介词“于”用法的考察

The Usage of the Preposition “yu” in The Analects of Confucius

《论语》中"于"字共出现了183次,其中由介词"于"所组成的介词结构的句法功能和语法意义灵活多样。在句法功能上,"于"字结构在句子中主要是用作补语,少数用作状语。在表示的语法意义方面,以表示关联对象的为最多,表示处所和范围的次之,而引介动作的受事以及表示时间、被动的比较少。

This article mainly inspects the syntactic function and grammatical meaning of the preposition structure which is composed by the preposition ＂yu＂ in The Analects of Confucius. Syntactically, this structure mainly serves as complement in sentences while as adverb in a few cases. In the aspect of grammatical meaning, the structure is mainly used to present the connecting object, express location and cope in fewer cases and introduce patient and indicate time and passivity occasionally.