试论认知语境与隐喻理解

认知语境是认知语言学的一个组成部分,适应了语言发展的客观要求,它强调对语言的理解应建立在人总体认知的基础上。而隐喻不仅是一种修辞手段,也是人类的一种普遍思维方式。对隐喻意义的理解一直是语言学界很关注问题,不同的学者从不同的视角对隐喻的理解有过不同的阐述。无论是从哪个视角去解释隐喻的意义,都离不开语境,尤其是认知语境的作用。认知语境与隐喻理解有着密切的联系,认知语境对隐喻理解具有解释和制约作用,对于隐喻意义的推导和意义的筛选过程具有主导作用。

Cognitive context is quite different from the traditional concepts of context.It does not reier to the static surroundings ol the speaker, but dynamic and selective.It is a psychology construct coveting human beings＇ observation and understandings of the representation of the world. Metaphor is a research topic which modern linguistics and many other subjects follow with interest. It is no longer only treated as a rhetorical means, a linguistic phenomenon, but a way of thought, it participates and reflects the cognitive process of mankind, context.On the whole,the interpretation and constraints of metaphor understanding will be studied by the cognitive contex4 and its leading role is shown in the overthrown and selection process of metaphorical significance and meaning.