海南省疟疾防治试点实施20年效果分析

Evaluation of 20-year malaria control effect in pilot areas of Hainan Province

目的分析和评价海南省疟疾防治试点对策和措施对控制疟疾的作用。方法通过收集1991～2010年海南省10个疟疾防治试点月报表、流动人口报表等资料,使用描述流行病学方法对资料进行分析。结果海南省10个疟疾防治试点20年本地居民共血检375 963人次,平均年血检率为18.71%,其中主动病例侦查血检301 395人次,占80.17%,被动病例侦查血检74 568人次,占19.83%;检出阳性病人10 915例,阳性率为2.90%,其中恶性疟3 448例,占31.59%,间日疟7 444例,占68.20%,混合感染23例,占0.21%。疟疾年带虫发病率(API)从1991年的28.39‰下降至2010年的0.02‰,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论海南省疟疾防治试点采取的综合性防治措施能有效降低疟疾发病率,控制恶性疟流行,它为热带山林地区恶性疟控制提供了经验,为海南省的疟疾防治做出了积极的贡献。

Objective To understand the results of control countermeasures and measures for malaria in 10 pilot areas of Hainan Province. Method Data concerning the monthly report and mobile population in 10 pilot areas from 1991 to 2010 were collected and statistically analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results 375 963 person/times of blood examination covered with ABER（18.7%）.301 395 peron/times of them were completed by medicine staff who made the examined blood slides and sent to the pilot villages,accounting for 80.17%,meanwhile,74 568 person/times were conducted by medicine seeking.There 10 915 positive patients were detected with the rate of 2.90%.3 448 falciparum malaria cases were diagnosed accounting for 31.59%,7 444 vivax malaria cases（68.20%）,23 mixed infection（0.21%）.Annual parasite incidence of malaria（API）dropped down from 28.39 ‰ in 1991 to 0.02 ‰ in 2010,showing statistically significant difference（P0.01）.Conclusion Integrated countermeasures and measures adopted in malaria pilot areas of Hainan Province can reduce malaria incidence effectively and provide the experience to control the prevalence of falciparum malaria in the tropical forest regions.