中山市餐饮具集中消毒单位卫生状况调查

Survey of hygienic conditions of tableware disinfection unit in Zhongshan City

目的调查中山市餐饮具集中消毒单位的卫生状况,为市民用上安全卫生的消毒餐饮具和规范该行业的管理提供依据。方法对全市23个餐饮具集中消毒单位进行调查,监测其提供的餐饮具,对其生产场所进行卫生学调查,调查从业人员健康证上岗情况,采用问卷调查方式调查从业人员的卫生知识知晓率,统计集中消毒餐饮具与普通消毒餐饮具的监测数据,分析两者的差别。结果该市餐饮具集中消毒单位生产的餐饮具卫生感官指标合格率为100%,消毒合格率为100%;52.17%的餐饮具集中消毒单位选址布局合理,仅34.78%的餐饮具集中消毒单位卫生设施完善;使用符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》的自来水来清洗餐饮具的单位为100%;餐饮具集中消毒单位从业人员持有效健康证上岗率仅为13.46%,卫生知识知晓率为90.13%;集中消毒餐饮具与普通消毒餐饮具的大肠菌群阳性率构成差异有统计学意义(χ2=244.18,P<0.001)。结论该市餐饮具集中消毒单位生产的餐饮具符合国家卫生标准,但存在选址布局欠合理、卫生设施欠完善、从业人员未实现持健康证明上岗等问题。

Objective To survey the hygienic conditions of centralized tableware sterilization units in Zhongshan City.Methods Hygienic conditions of tableware disinfection in 23 centralized tableware sterilization units in Zhangshan were surveyed inlducing the sanitary status of working places,the health certificates of the workers,the sanitary knowledge and the record of inspection.Results The qualification rates of sensory sanitary indicators and sterilazation were all 100%.The locatioin qualification rate was 52.17% and the only 34.78% of the sterilzation facklities were sound.While there was only 13.46% of the employees ahd valid health certificate and the sanitary knowledge of the workers was 90.13%.The detection rates of coliform on wableware in centralized sterilization units and ordinary sterilization units showed significant diffecrences（χ2=244.18,P0.001）.Conclusion There are sanitary probllems in tableware sterilization in centralized sterilization units including improper selection of sterilization sites,unsound sterilizsation facilities and low sanitary certificate rate of the workers.