老年与青年股骨头内松质骨组织形态计量学比较研究

A comparative study of bone histomorphometry for the cancellous bone of femoral head between old and young people

目的 研究老年髋部骨折患者股骨头松质骨结构。方法 取股骨头标本 49只 ,分成老年组2 6例及青年组 2 3例。在股骨头致密区 (负重区 )和疏松区 (非负重区 )各截取软骨下 3mm处 7mm× 5 mm× 5 mm松质骨各一块 ,作骨组织形态计量测定。结果 老年组致密区和稀疏区骨组织形态参数松质骨体积 ( TBV)、平均骨小梁密度 ( MTPD)、平均骨小梁厚度 ( MTPT)、骨小梁间连接点数 ( Tb.n)均明显低于青年组 ( P<0 .0 5～ 0 .0 0 1) ;平均骨小梁间距或弥散度 ( MTPS)及骨小梁游离残端数 (骨小梁末端数 ,FET)明显高于青年组 ( P<0 .0 5～ 0 .0 0 1)。结论 老年组患有不同程度的骨质疏松症 ,其骨结构退变是导致其结构强度下降、骨折发生的原因之一。

Objective To study the cancellous bone structure of femoral head of elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods Fourty- nine fresh femoral heads were taken from elderly ( n=2 6) and young ( n=2 3) groups.The cancellous bones( 7mm× 7mm× 5 mm) 3mm deep under the cartilage in the dense and porotic regions of the femoral head were resected for bone histomorphometry.Results The trabecu- lar bone volume ( TBV) ,the density and thickness of mean trabecular plate ( MTPD,MTPT) and inter- trabecular connecting parts ( or trabecular nodes) in elderly group were significantly higher than those in young group( P<0 .0 5～ 0 .0 0 1) ;mean trabecular plate separation ( MTPS) and free- ending trabeculae ( FET) in elderly group were significantly lower than those in young group ( P<0 .0 5— 0 .0 0 1) .Conclu- sion Elderly people sufferfrom osteoporosis to some degree,and the bone structural and morphological change is one of the causes of decrease in mechanical strength leading to frequent fracture.