酶解南美白对虾下脚料制备抗氧化酶解液的研究

Research of antioxidant hydrolysate produced from the waste of white shrimp(Penaeus vannamei)through enzymatic hydrolysis

以南美白对虾加工下脚料(虾头虾壳)为原料,采用内源酶、中性蛋白酶,通过控制pH、水料比、酶解温度、酶解时间和酶用量等条件进行酶解,从而制取抗氧化酶解液,以还原能力、清除羟基自由基能力为指标选择最优的酶解条件。结果表明,内源酶最佳酶解条件为:pH为6,水料比为2∶1,酶解温度为40℃、酶解时间为6h,此时还原力为0.668,·OH清除率为67.24%;中性蛋白酶的最佳酶解条件为:酶用量为60U/g原料,pH为6,水料比为2∶1,酶解温度为60℃、酶解时间为5h,此时还原力为0.672,·OH清除率为68.43%。在最佳酶解条件下,两种酶解液的还原力与·OH清除率大小排列为:中性蛋白酶>内源酶,但两者相差不大,从经济能源的综合因素考虑,选用内源酶较合适。

The waste including the head and shell generated in the processing of white shrimp（ Penaeus vannamei） was hydrolyzed by endogenous protease or neutral protease to produce antioxidant hydrolysate. The reaction conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis including pH, liquor- solid ratio, temperature, time and enzyme dosage were investigated.The hydrolysate was assessed by testing reducing power and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity.The results showed the optimum hydrolyzing conditions of the endogenous protease were as follows： pH 6, liquor- solid ratio 2：1,temperature 40~C,time 6h.The resulted hydrolysate exhibited highest reducing power of 0.668 and highest hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of 67.24%.The optimum hydrolyzing conditions of the neutral protease were as follows： protease dosage 60U/g raw materials, pH 6, liquor- solid ratio 2＂ 1,temperature 60~C,time 5 h. Under these conditions the hydrolysate exhibited highest reducing power of 0.672 and highest hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of 68.43%. Hydrolysate produced under the optimum conditions of neutral protease exhibited higher reducing power and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity than that produced by endogenous protease. Based on an overall consideration of various factors of economics and energy, it was more appropriate to use the endogenous protease.