重庆市油菜机播机收技术研究

The Research on the Rape Seeding and Harvest Mechanization in Chongqing

采用不同机型播种"渝黄4号"油菜籽,根据出苗情况、操作便利等原则,筛选出2BM-2A2型小型油菜直播机作为重庆市丘陵山区主要推荐机型;对不同播种方式的"渝黄4号"油菜品种产量结果进行比较,表明利用2BM-2A2型小型油菜直播机机播与单株育苗移栽,产量差异不显著;对使用2BM-2A2型小型油菜直播机在相同栽培水平下的不同品种进行产量比较,认为渝黄4号、川杂NH352、中双11、中油6303品种高密植条件下可作为机播品种;采用4LZ-1.5油菜联合收割机有一定损失,各品种有差异。

The mechanical direct-seeding tests were done using different type of rape direct-seeding machines in rape cultivar Yu-huang 4.According to the situation of seedling and the operation convenience,the type of 2BM-2A2 small rape direct-seeding machine is selected as leading machine in hilly area of Chongqing.Comparing the yield of Yu-huang 4 between direct-seeding using 2BM-2A2 type small rape direct-seeding machine and conventional seedling transplantation showed that the difference of yield didn't reach significant level.According to the yields of different rapeseed varieties using 2BM-2A2 type small rape direct-seeding machine,it was suggested that the rape cultivars Yu-huang 4,Chuan-za NH352,Zhong-shuang 11,Zhong-you 6303 were fit for mechanized seeding in the case of high density cultivation.The mechanical harvest tests showed that 4LZ-1.5 type of rape combine-harvesters would cause some losses in yield,and that the loss rates were different among different rapeseed varieties.