苏州市开放性眼外伤的临床分析

The clinical analysis of open-globe injuries in Suzhou.

目的调查研究苏州市成人开放性眼外伤的病因及视力结果。方法收集2007年1月至2010年7月苏州大学附属第一医院眼科住院收治的成人开放性眼外伤220例（221眼）的临床资料，进行回顾性分析。结果发病年龄以青壮年居多，平均年龄（41．15±15．39）岁，男女比例为4．37：1。右眼占55．66％，左眼占44．34％，右眼：左眼=1．26：1。职业以工人和农民为主。开放性眼外伤以眼球破裂最多（59．55％），以下依次为眼球穿孔伤、眼内异物。未见眼球贯通伤。致伤因素依次为：锐器弹伤、打架或撞伤、摔伤、车祸、鞭炮炸伤、剪刀戳伤等。手术后盲目（视力〈0．05）率为27．73％，眼球摘除率为1．82％。结论工作和生产意外是成人开放性眼外伤的主要因素，后果严重，应加强预防。及时就诊和眼科显微技术的广泛开展是挽救视力、降低眼外伤并发症的有效保证。

Objective To investigate epidemiological and clinical characteristics, and visual out- comes of open-globe injuries in Suzhou. Methods Retrospective, consecutive case series were collected. Information of 220 inpatients （221 eyes） with open-globe injury cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University from Jan. 2007 to Jul. 2010 were analyzed. Results Most of the patients with open- globe injuries were young adults, average age was （41 . 15 ＋ 15.39） years. The ratio was 4.37：1 between male and female. Of those cases, 55.66% were injuried in right eye, 44.34% were in left eye, the ratio was 1.26：1 between the right and the left eye. Workers and farmers were the high-risk groups suffered with open-globe injuries. The main types of ocular injury were eyeball rupture （59.55%）, penetrating injury （30.45%）, intraocular foreign body （10%）. The main factors were sharp wound, fight, break, explosive injury, and so on. The rate of blindness after treatment was 27.73% , and the rate of enucleation was 1.82%. Conclusion Accident at working time is the main cause of open-globe injury in adult. It is very important to strengthen safety education and work protection. Early, prompt and effective microsurgical treatment are the key points of therapeutic efficacy.