大学新生的自杀意念及与生活满意度、幸福感的关系

Suicidal ideation to satisfaction with life and happiness in college freshmen

目的:研究大学新生的自杀意念及与生活满意度、幸福感的关系,探讨幸福感在生活满意度与自杀意念之间的中介作用。方法:采用方便取样,选取某一综合性大学2009届大一新生789名,收回有效问卷750份。采用生活满意度量表(SWLS)、幸福感量表(GHQ)、自杀意念自评量表(SIOSS)进行调查。结果:大学新生的自杀意念发生率为1.6%。有自杀意念的大学新生生活满意度、幸福感得分均低于无自杀意念大学新生(P<0.01)。幸福感得分和生活满意度得分与自杀意念得分呈负相关(r=-0.51,-0.47,P<0.01),幸福感在生活满意度和自杀意念间存在部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的46.8%。结论:大学新生自杀意念的形成与生活满意度、幸福感有着密切的关系,幸福感在生活满意度与自杀意念之间存在部分中介作用。

Objective： To investigate the relationship between satisfaction with life, happiness and suicidal ideation among college freshmen as well as the mediation of happiness. Methods： Totally 789 college freshmen were selected by convenience sampling and assessed with the Satisfaction with Life Scale （SWLS）, General Happi- ness Questionnaire （GHQ） and Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale （SIOSS）. A lot of 750 questionnaires were valid. Results： In this sample, the rate of students with suicidal ideation was 1.6%. The scores of SWLS, GHQ were sig- nificantly lower in college freshmen with suicidal ideation than those without suicidal ideation [ （ 10. 8 ± 4.4） vs. （21.4 ±5.4）, （11.6 ±4. 4） vs. （20. 5 ±4. 2）, Ps 〈0. 01]. The scores of satisfaction with life and happiness were negatively correlated with the sores of suicidal ideation （r = -0. 51, -0.47; Ps 〈 0. 01 ）. Happiness played a role of partial mediator in the relationship between satisfaction with life and suicidal ideation, the mediating effects ac- counted for 46. 8% of the total effects. Conclusion： It suggests that the suicidal ideation of college freshen are re- lated to satisfaction with life and happiness, and happiness may play a role of partial mediator in the relationship be- tween satisfaction with life and suicidal ideation.