X射线衍射法研究天然橡胶/黏土纳米复合材料的插层过程

Study on Intercalating Stage of Natural Rubber/Clay Nanocomposites by X-ray Diffraction

利用十六烷基季铵盐在固相条件下对黏土进行有机化插层改性,制备出有机黏土;采用机械混炼插层法制备了天然橡胶/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料,用X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)表征了纳米复合材料的结构和形态。利用XRD探讨了有机黏土在混炼和硫化过程中的插层行为,结果表明:天然橡胶的插层行为在机械混炼的过程中就已经发生,在硫化过程中,随着硫化时间的增加,黏土的层间距略微增加,黏土片层间的橡胶分子并不稳定。硫化过程结束后,黏土片层间的橡胶分子链随着交联固化而稳定地保持在黏土片层间。

The organic clay（Org-clay） was prepared by alkyl ammonium ions treating of Na-montmorillonite,and then the natural rubber（NR）/Org-clay nanocomposites were prepared by intercalation method.The structure and morphology of the nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）,the results show that Org-clay can disperse in the rubber matrix at nanometer size.The result of XRD indicated that natural rubber chains could be intercalated into the interlayer of the Org-clay during the mixing stage.During the vulcanizing stage,with increasing vulcanization time the basal space of Org-clay was slightly increased.At the end of rubber vulcanization process,the NR chains were fixed in the interlayer of the Org-clay because of cross-linked network structure of vulcanizate.