微孢子虫对枣镰翅小卷蛾和桃小食心虫成虫的影响

Effect of microsporidia on adult Ancylis sativa Liu and Carposina nipponensis Matsmura

【目的】研究微孢子虫对枣镰翅小卷蛾和桃小食心虫成虫的侵染作用,探讨微孢子虫在调控其种群消长方面的作用。【方法】采用光学显微镜镜检法检测年度或不同代间枣镰翅小卷蛾和桃小食心虫的微孢子虫感染水平;用ImageJ 1.41图形处理软件测量其翅面积大小。【结果】枣镰翅小卷蛾雌雄蛾越冬代、第1代和第2代的微孢子虫感染水平逐渐上升,差异极显著;成虫个体大小(翅面积)随感染水平升高而显著减小。2009和2010年前、中、后期羽化的桃小食心虫雄蛾感染水平均依次升高,差异极显著;其前、中期雄蛾个体大小差异不显著,而中期雄蛾个体显著大于后期。【结论】微孢子虫对枣镰翅小卷蛾和桃小食心虫有较强的侵染力;周期性地造成其越冬代感染水平降低,表明微孢子虫侵染造成枣镰翅小卷蛾和桃小食心虫越冬虫态大量死亡,或造成其发育迟缓、个体变小,说明微孢子虫在调控2种害虫种群消长方面具有重要作用。

[Objective] The study was conducted to identify that the effect of mierosporidia on adult Ancylis sativa Liu and Carposina nipponensis Matsmura was strong infectivity, and discuss the effect of microsporidia on controlling population growth and decline. [Method] Ordinary optics microscope was used to detect the levels of microsporidian infection in different years or different generations of adult A. sativa Liu and C. nipponensis Matsmura. Wing area was determined by ImageJ 1.41 （United States National In- stitutes of Health）. [Result] The levels of microsporidian infection in adult A. sativa Liu increased strong- ly from overwintering to first-generation until second-generation. At the same time,body size（wing areas） of A. sativa Liu decreased significantly with the increasing infection levels. The levels of microsporidian in- fection in adult C. nipponensis Matsmura increased extremely significantly from prophase to metaphase to anaphase in both 2009 and 2010. There was no significant difference in the wing areas of C. nipponensis Matsmura between prophase and metaphase, but wing areas of metaphase were significantly bigger than an- aphase. [Conclusion] Microsporidia can strongly infect adult A. sativa Liu and C. nipponensis Matsmura. Microsporidian infection may cause death of A. sativa Liu and C. nipponensis Matsmura at the overwinte- ring stages or result in growth retardation and smaller individual,which means microsporidia has a signifi-cant effect on controlling population growth and decline.