方法论个人主义的经济学与社会学解释——基于行动的视角

The Explanation of Methodological Individualism for Economy and Sociology Based on Perspective of Action

方法论所关心的问题是人们应当通过何种途径才能较好地理解人类社会和自然界中现象的真实本质,并指导着人们如何更加有效地把握行动的取向。纯粹性的整体主义和个人主义的方法论都是有失偏颇的,哈耶克社会性的个人主义和舒茨的主体间性理论都能较好地说明方法论的新取向,也正是他们的开创性理论预示了现代西方社会学对社会学两大主题的融合问题所给予的关注,同时他们的理论也使社会学方法论显现出实践性特点。

The methodology focus on the problem of in what way can people understand and comprehend the true substance of phenomenon and action in the society,and there is some deviation in holism and individualism. The view in this paper is the social indfvidualism by Hayek and the theory of intersubjectivity by Schuetz are new approaches,by their creative theories indi- cate the attention and develop of the combination of the two topics in modern western sociology, and the methodology of sociolo- gy outline the practical character.