静电场中导体镜像与介质镜像的统一

The Concurrence Referring to Method of Images Both in Plane Conductor and Different Dielectrics

镜像法在电磁场工程中具有广泛的应用,本文通过对点电荷在介质镜像和导体镜像中的对比分析,发现二者存在逻辑上的矛盾。进一步深入探讨,通过对极化的本质分析,实现了两者完全的统一。这对正确理解极化的概念,深入了解电磁场规律的内在底蕴,提高分析问题和解决问题的能力具有重要的实际意义。

Method of images has got widely applications in electromagnetism. While studying electrostatics we may draw a contrary conclusion in appearance with referring to the effects of image charges of a point charge above an infinite plane conductor comparing with one in dielectrics consisting of two semi-infinite parts. Further analysis dedi- cate that the two kinds of images has the conformal mechanization, the reason is that dielectric constant has not in consideration while we obtain the electrical field by means of the nature properties of charges. The identity of the two kinds of images helps to lighten the idea of dielectric constant as well as the polarization process. This also has important significance for undergraduate and graduate students to enhance problem-solving ability.