昆明市2007—2010年居民慢性病死亡流行特征及PYLL分析

The Epidemiological Characteristics and PYLL Analysis of Death of Chronic Diseases Among Residents in Kunming City in 2007—2010

目的了解昆明市居民慢性病死亡率及其分布特征,为制订慢性病预防控制措施提供参考依据。方法选择昆明市全人群死因监测数据中常住居民2007—2010年发生的慢性病死亡个案为研究对象,运用死因统计分析软件DeathReg2005和Excel2003进行统计分析。结果 2007—2010年昆明市居民慢性病死亡率为450.22/10万(标化率为285.98/10万),占居民总死亡人数的71.88%。在慢性病死亡率中,居民前5位死因依次为心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病、糖尿病和肝脏疾病,占慢性病死亡总数的95.85%。男性慢性病死亡率显著高于女性(P<0.001),是女性的1.39倍。15～60岁人群慢性病死亡率随着年龄的增长逐渐上升,60岁以上人群达高峰。城市居民慢性病死亡率为504.46/10万(标化率为290.11/10万),农村居民慢性病死亡率为404.94/10万(标化率为281.68/10万),城市慢性病死亡率显著高于农村(P<0.001),是农村的1.24倍。PYLL分析结果显示,影响昆明市居民健康危害最大的慢性病是心脑血管疾病和恶性肿瘤。结论昆明市慢性病有年青化倾向,是一种男性高发的慢性非传染性疾病,是影响老年人生命和健康的主要疾病,应针对不同目标人群加强慢性病预防控制。

OBJECTIVE To learn about the mortality of chronic diseases and its distribution characteristics among residents in Kunming and provide the reference framework for the chronic disease prevention and control. METHODS Study on the chronic disease deaths occurring in 2007-2010 by selecting the monitoring data of death covering from all Kunming residents. DeathReg 2005 and Excel 2003 were used for statistics and analysis. RESULTS The mortality of chronic diseases among residents in Kunming was 450.22/100 000in 2007-2010（standard rate 285.98/100 000）. It is 71.88% of the total number of deaths of residents. The top 5 causes of death are cardio-cerebro-vascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, chronic obstructive lung disease and liver disease, which account for 95.85% of the total number. The mortality in men is 1.39 times higher than female （P〈0.001）. The chronic disease death rates aged between 15 and 60 were increasing gradually and people over 60 reached new heights. Chronic disease death rates among urban residents is 504.46/100 000 （standardized rate 290.11/100 000） and 404.94/100 000 among rural residents （standardized rate 281.68/100 000）. The chronic disease death rates of urban residents is 1.24 times higher than in rural areas （P〈0.001）. PYLL analysis revealed that the most harmful chronic diseases are cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplasms in Kunming. CONCLUSION The tendency of chronic diseases is younger among Kunming residents, which is occurring frequently among male patients with chronic noncommunicable diseases and is the main diseases affecting the lives and health of the elder. So it should be aimed at different target groups to strengthen chronic disease prevention and control.