《伊利亚特》中的血气

Thymos in Iliad

本文试图用血气(thymos)来分析荷马史诗之一《伊利亚特》。血气在古希腊的语境中是一个非常重要的概念,它原来分别指血和气,但是它还暗含着另一层意思,即"承认的欲望"。通过对战争和阿基琉斯愤怒的描写,《伊利亚特》揭示出阿基琉斯希望捍卫尊严和正义的强大欲望,充分体现了血气的后一层意思。可以说,血气作为一条线索贯穿于整部《伊利亚特》,是它的主题所在。

This paper attempts to give an analysis of Homer's Iliad based on the concept of thymos(spiritedness).Thymos is a very significant concept in the ancient Greek context.It originally indicates blood and breath,but at the same time also implies the desire for recognition.Through the descriptions of the war and Achilles' anger,Iliad reveals Achilles' strong desire to defend dignity and justice,which perfectly displays his strong thymos.Thus,it is safe to say that thymos as a clue and the theme runs through Iliad.