微量营养物质在围妊娠期中的作用

Function of Micronutrients in the Periconceptional Period

研究已证实,微量营养元素的缺乏与高生殖风险有关,这些风险包括不孕症、胎儿发育畸形以及其他远期疾病。围妊娠期是一个很特殊的重要时期,主要包括受精、受孕、植入、胎儿器官发生和胎盘发生等几个重要阶段,且这几个阶段最有可能被微量营养元素影响。尤其是一些具有抗氧化活性的微量营养元素,可以有效阻止活性氧簇(ROS)造成的氧化损伤,从而保护围妊娠期各个阶段的胎儿和母体免受伤害,可见预防性地应用一些微量营养元素或许能够扭转不良的妊娠结局。人们应该在妊娠前掌握更多的围妊娠期健康饮食知识,也应该有更多的研究来关注围妊娠期的营养需求。重点阐述在围妊娠期中微量营养元素与各种生殖风险的关系。

Micronutrient deficiencies have been proved to be associated with the high reproductive risks, such as infertility, some fetal structural defects and long erm diseases. The periconceptional period is particularly critical stages, including fertility, conception, implantation, fetal organogenesis and placentation, which potentially affected by micronutrients. In particular,some micronutrients have antioxidant activity, so they can effect against the oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species （ROS）. These micronutrients protect fetus and mother in every stage of periconceptional period. So, the prophylactic use of some micronutrients may prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. People should increase awareness of healthy diet before pregnancy. In this review, we discussed on the relationship beween some poor micronutrients and reproductive risks in the periconceptional period.