小学生自我意识与父母养育方式的相关性

Correlation between self-concept and parental rearing patterns of primary school students

目的:探讨小学生自我意识与父母养育方式的相关性。方法:本研究采用系统分层抽样问卷调查设计。对安宁市某小学二年级至六年级的学生进行系统分层抽样,采用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表和父母教养方式评价量表对548名小学生进行问卷调查,之后对收集的数据进行μ检验和Pearson相关分析。结果:Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表中,行为与合群因子存在性别差异;父母教养方式评价量表中,父亲的惩罚、严厉、过分干涉和拒绝、否认因子存在性别差异。在相关分析中,自我意识总分及各因子与父母情感温暖与理解呈正相关;行为因子与父母惩罚、严厉和拒绝、否认呈负相关,与母亲偏爱被试呈正相关;焦虑因子与母亲拒绝、否认,惩罚、严厉和过分干涉、过度保护呈负相关;合群因子与父母拒绝、否认和惩罚、严厉呈负相关;幸福与满足因子与父母偏爱被试呈正相关,与父母拒绝、否认,惩罚、严厉和过分干涉、过度保护呈负相关;自我意识总分与父母拒绝、否认,惩罚、严厉和过分干涉、过度保护呈负相关。结论:小学生自我意识与父母养育方式存在相关性。

Objective： To explore the correlation between self - concept and parental rearing patterns of primary school students. Methods：The research adopted systematic stratified sampling study. 548 students from grade 2 to 6 of a primary school in city of Anning were assessed with the Piers - Harris children＇s self - concept scale （PHCSS） and the Egma minnen av Bardndosna Upp- forstran （EMBU）. Then the μ-test and Pearson Correlation were analyzed. Results： In PHCSS, factors of behavior and gregarious showed a difference between boys and girls. In EMBU, factors of strict punishment, over interference, rejection and repudiation of fa- ther showed a difference between boys and girls. In correlated analysis, total score and all the factors of PHCSS were positively correla- ted with emotional warmth and understanding of parents ; behavior was negatively correlated with punishment, stringency, rejection, denying of parents and positively correlated with favoritism of mother; anxiety was negatively correlated with punishment, stringency, rejection, denying, excess interference and protection from mother ; gregarious was negatively correlated with punishment, stringency, rejection and denying ; factors of eudemonia and satisfaction were positively correlated with favoritism of parents and negatively correlated with punishment, stringency, rejection, denying and excess interference of parents; total score was negatively correlated with punish ment, stringency, rejection, denying, excess interference and protection from parents. Conclusions ： Selfconcept of primary school students was correlated with their parental rearing patterns.