筒体与接管相交的马鞍形焊道几何特征的研究

Research on Geometrical Feature of Saddle Weld Between Cylinder and Connection-pipe

目前锅炉、化工等行业中压力容器接管与筒体相交的空间马鞍形相贯曲线的焊接多采用机械式马鞍形焊机。机械马鞍焊不能根据焊道实时的宽度变化自动修正焊接轨迹,因此需要人工修补导致焊接作业效率的降低;当接管与筒体的半径比较大时,由于焊道的切线与水平面的夹角较大导致下坡焊时铁水向下流淌,焊后成形变坏;并且当接管与筒体偏交时机械马鞍焊无法进行焊接作业。根据机械马鞍焊存在的问题,针对筒体与接管相交的空间马鞍形焊道的几何特征进行了研究,在两管偏交的情况下建立了焊接轨迹、焊道宽度与焊道上各点切线与水平面夹角的数学模型,为开发新一代的数控马鞍形焊机奠定了理论基础。因此,该项研究具有较强的实际意义与实用价值。

Mechanical welding machine for saddle curve is widely used in boiler and chemical industry. The curve is shaped by branch pipe intersects cylinder in pressure vessel. However, mechanical welding machine is not able to modifying welding trace according to instant change of welding width. Therefore, it is necessary to manual revise welding curve which causes reduce welding efficiency. The inclination of weld＇s tangent and horizontal will increase with branch pipe-cylinder ratio increasing. It causes welding shape become worse because molten iron flow when welding downslope in saddle trace. And mechanical welding machine is not able to welding curve shaped by branch pipe deflective intersects cylinder. The geometrical feature of saddle weld between cylinder and connection-pipe is researched according to shortcoming of mechanical welding machine. The mathematic model of welding trace, width of weld and the inclination of weld＇s tangent and horizontal are established under condition of branch pipe deflective intersects cylinder. It established the theoretical base for developing new numerical control saddle welding machine. Above of all, the research had strong applied significance and value.