茶树新品种“紫娟”茶中杨梅素、槲皮素和山柰酚的HPLC分析

HPLC Analysis of Myricetin,Quercetin and Kaempferol in Fresh Shoots of “Zijuan” Tea,a New Cultivar of Camellia sinensis var.assamica

嫩梢的芽、叶和茎均为紫色的茶树品种"紫娟"茶(Camellia sinensis var.assamica)的花青素和其他类黄酮含量比其他大叶种茶树鲜叶含量高。本文建立了"紫娟"茶的黄酮醇类物质的高效液相色谱检测方法,应用该方法测定了不同成熟度新梢的杨梅素类、槲皮素类、山柰酚类和总黄酮醇苷的含量。结果表明,杨梅素类以一芽三叶新梢含量最高(2.29 mg/g),一芽二叶新梢、一芽一叶新梢和成熟叶的含量依次分别是2.08 mg/g,1.69 mg/g和1.05 mg/g;槲皮素类含量变化趋势与杨梅素类基本一致,一芽三叶新梢含量最高,为4.39 mg/g。山柰酚类含量则呈现出成熟度越高含量越低的趋势,含量依次是一芽一叶新梢(1.29 mg/g),一芽二叶新梢(1.28 mg/g)、一芽三叶新梢(1.12 mg/g)和成熟叶(1.03 mg/g);总黄酮醇苷的含量与新梢的成熟度呈正相关。研究结果为研究"紫娟"茶中黄酮类化合物代谢机理和高黄酮醇含量的"紫娟"茶新产品开发提供了理论依据。

＂Zijuan＂ tea is a new Camellia sinensis var.assamica cultivar,which accumulates more anthocyanins and other flavonoids than other varieties in its purple fresh buds,leaves and stems.In this paper,a HPLC procedure to determinate the contents of flavonols in ＂Zijuan＂ tea were established and the compositions and distribution of flavonols in the fresh shoots of ＂Zijuan＂ tea were detected.The results showed that the highest content of myricetin were detected in the fresh shoots with a bud and three leaves（B3L）,then followed by the contents in a bud and two leaves（B2L）,a bud and one leaves（B1L） and mature leaves（ML）,the contents in them were 2.29 mg/g,2.08 mg/g,1.69 mg/g and 1.05 mg/g,respectively.The same distortion profile of quercetin was the same as myricetin,the highest content of quercetin were detected in B3L.The distribution profile of kaempferol were different from quercetin and myricetin,its contents decrease with the degree of maturity of shoot,the contents were 1.29 mg/g,1.28 mg/g,1.12 mg/g and 1.03 mg in B3L,B2L,B1L and ML,respectively.The contents of total flavonol glycosides increased with the degree of maturity of shoot.Those results will be useful for studying the mechanisms of flavonol metabolism in ＂Zijuan＂ tea and exploring high flavonol products with ＂Zijuan＂ tea.