白浆土无机纳米粒子对玉米秸秆腐解产物的影响

Effect of Baijiang Soil Inorganic Nanometer Particle on Soluble Organic Matters from Composting Corn Stalk

以玉米秸秆为材料,通过室内培养法研究了白浆土B层(地表下100 cm)提取出的纳米粒子对不同培养时期玉米秸秆腐解形成的可溶性产物组分含量的影响,并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法对腐解产物结构组成进行了表征。结果表明:土壤纳米粒子的加入在玉米秸秆腐解培养的整个时期皆明显降低了水溶性有机化合物(WOM)的含量,主要是减少了水溶性胡敏酸(WHA)的含量,而对小分子有机化合物(WLOM)生成则有促进作用。在培养的第18天促进了碱溶胡敏酸(AHA)和碱溶富里酸(AFA)含量增加,在32～78 d降低了AHA和AFA的含量。纳米粒子施入明显增加了WHA中羟基、甲基、亚甲基和次甲基含量,增加了碳水化合物和氨基化合物组分,即促进了脂族性高的WHA的生成;促进了AHA中碳水化合物组分的增加,降低了AHA的酸性,但对脂肪链结构组分无明显影响。纳米粒子的加入明显增加了WLOM和AFA的抗分解能力。

The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of Baijiang soil nanoparticles（BSNP） on soluble organic matters（SOM） from composting crop residues.BSNP extracted from layer B（100cm under ground） of Baijiang soil were put into corn stalk and mixed uniformly,stalk： BSNP=80：1,then incubated for 80 d in jars,several kinds of SOM were extracted at different incubation stages and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） spectroscopy cooperated with general methods.The results showed that BSNP could significantly reduce the content of total water soluble organic materials（WOM） during the whole incubation period,the contents of water soluble humic acids（WHA） were decreased,however BSNP improved the content of water soluble little-molecule-weight organic materials（WLOM）.The contents of alkali soluble humic acids（AHA） and alkali soluble fulvic acids（AFA） were increased at the 18th day,and were decreased at the 32~78th days.Methyls,methines,methylenes,carbohydrates and amides were increased greatly in WHA during the whole incubation period.The changes of AHA components were similar to WHA,however,only carbohydrates were increased in AHA,there were no changes in aliphatic structure.BSNP declined the acidity of AHA and improved the capacity of WLOM and AFA to resist decomposition.