微小分子核糖核酸与心脏重塑

MicroRNAs and Cardiac Remodeling

微小分子核糖核酸是近年来发现的一类内源性非编码小核糖核酸,依据碱基互补配对的原则与目的基因3’-端的非编码区特异结合,于转录后调节靶基因表达,参与细胞增殖、凋亡、分化等一系列生物学过程。现有研究表明微小分子核糖核酸可通过介导心肌细胞肥大、细胞凋亡、细胞外基质合成等环节调控心脏结构重构,通过影响离子通道基因表达参与心脏的电生理重构。拟微小分子核糖核酸和抗微小分子核糖核酸等技术的应用为心血管系统疾病的治疗提供了新的潜在手段。

MicroRNAs（miRNAs） are a class of endogenous small noncoding RNAs that have only been recently recognized as a distinct group of regulators.These RNAs make complementary base-pairing interactions with 3＇-untranslated regions of target genes,and regulate target expression at the post-transcriptional level.miRNAs also participate in a series of biological processes such as cell proliferation,apoptosis,and differentiation.A number of studies have demonstrated that miRNAs regulate cardiac remodeling through affecting cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,apoptosis,extracellular matrix synthesis,and ion channels.This article reviews how the use of mimic-miRNAs and anti-miRNAs techniques will provide a new method of treatment for cardiovascular disease.