种子类型和密度对直播当归生长发育的影响

Effects of seed type and planting density on growth of Angelica sinensis under direct seeding

采用2因素随机区组设计试验,研究不同种子类型和密度对当归生长发育的影响,为当归直播栽培技术提供理论依据.结果表明:当归叶片数增长呈"缓增-剧增-降低"趋势;当归株高受种子类型和密度影响显著,相同密度条件下正常头穗种子直播生长速率最快,火药籽次之,正常二穗种子最慢,同一种子类型株高随密度递增呈下降趋势;直播当归单根鲜质量、干质量、主根长和根粗均以密度20cm×20cm直播正常头穗种子最高;正常头穗种子以密度10cm×20cm直播收获株数和产量最高,侧根数最少;直播当归药材中灰分和醇溶性浸出物含量均达到《中国药典》规定的质量标准.正常头穗种子采用株、行距10cm×20cm种植适于当归直播栽培.

The double factors randomized block design was introduced for study the effects of seeding type and planting density on dynamic growth rhythm of Angelica sinensis,in order to providing some theoretical basis for the Angelica direct seeding cultivation.The results showed that the leaf number growth trend was as ＇slow growth-surge-decreasing＇.Seeding type and plant density had a great effect on the height.Under the same plant density,the fastest growth rate of the first spike and normal seed,followed by the early bolting seed,and the second spike and normal seed was the slowest.Under the same seedling type,the higher the plant density,the lower the height.The optimal treatment of fresh root weight,dry root weight,root length and root diameter was as the first spike and normal seed and plant density 20 cm×20 cm.The optimal treatment of harvest number,yield and the number of lateral root was the first spike and normal seed and plant density 10 cm×20 cm.Ashe and ethanol extract content reached the quality indicators of Chinese pharmacopoeia.The planting density of first spike and normal seed and spaced 20 cm with spacing 10 cm was suitable for direct seeding Angelica.