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竞争情境下社会比较认知偏差实验研究 被引量：1

Experimental study of cognitive Bias in Social Comparisons
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摘要 本文以在校大学生为被试,考察社会比较的一个重要领域—学业竞争中的比较偏差。通过操纵竞争双方的实力(强VS.弱)以及竞争对手的信息清晰度(清晰VS.模糊)来考察不同的任务类型与信息清晰度对竞争中认知偏差的影响,以及探讨认知偏差对决策者决策意图的影响。结果发现,在社会比较中,面对不同类型的问题,会出现不同的认知偏差;竞争双方信息清晰时"优于常人"效应会减弱;认知偏差会影响个体的决策意图和决策行为。 The article chooses university students to Probe the cognitive bias inan important area aca demic competition. By manipulating the strength of both sides and the information, of the other side , to investigate the cognitive bias influence on different task type and information , also the decisionmaking intention. The results are as follows： （1）Different type problem lead different cognitive bias. （2）The informa- tion of both sides affect cognitive bias. （3）Cognitive bias affects the individual decisionmaking.
作者 费广洪 汪文娟
机构地区 深圳大学 深圳大学师范学院心理学系
出处 《社会心理科学》 2011年第9期23-28,共6页 Science of Social Psychology
关键词 社会比较认知偏差优于常人差于常人决策意图 social comparison, cognitive bias, ＂Betterthanaverage＂ effect, worsethanaverage＂ ef-fect, decisionmakin
分类号 B842.1 [哲学宗教—基础心理学]
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参考文献8

  • 1周爱保,赵鑫.任务类型与信息清晰度对社会比较中认知偏差的影响[J].心理科学,2009,32(4):770-773. 被引量：8
  • 2周爱保,赵鑫.社会比较中的认知偏差探析:“优于常人”效应和“差于常人”效应[J].心理学探新,2008,28(1):72-76. 被引量：16
  • 3Dunning,D.,Heath,C.&Suls,J.M.(2004).Flawed self-assessment:implications for health,education,and business.Psychology science in the Public Interest,5(3),69-106.
  • 4Kruger,J.,Windschitl,P.D.&Burrus,J.etal.(2008).The rational side of egocentrism in social comparisons.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,44,220-232.
  • 5Kruger,J.&Burrus,J.(2004).Egocentrism and focalism in unrealistic optimism(and pessimism).Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,40(3),332-34.
  • 6Moore,D.A.,&Cain,D.M.(2007)Over confidence and under confidence:When and why people underestimate(and overestimate)the compe-tition.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,103:197-21.
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二级参考文献40

  • 1邢淑芬,俞国良.社会比较研究的现状与发展趋势[J].心理科学进展,2005,13(1):78-84. 被引量：168
  • 2黄健柏,杨涛,朱学红.基于过度自信的相关研究及应用综述[J].预测,2007,26(3):1-7. 被引量：22
  • 3Kruger, J. , & Savitsky, K. On the genesis of inflated (and deflated)judgments of responsibility: Egocentrism revisited. Unpublished data, 2006.
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  • 5Kruger, J. Lake Wobegon be gone! The " below- average effect” and the egocentric nature of comparative ability judgments. Journal of Personality and Szcial Psychology, 1999,77(2) : 221 - 232.
  • 6Kruger, J., & Burrus, J. Egocentrism and focalism in unrealistic optimism (and pessimism ). Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2004,40 (3), 332 - 340.
  • 7Kuiper, N. A. , & Rogers, T. B. Encoding of personal information: Self - other differences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1979,37: 499 - 514.
  • 8Svenson, O. Are we less risky and more skillful than our fellow drivers? Acta Psychologica, 1981,47:143 - 151.
  • 9Tsai C I, et al. Effects of amount of information on judgment accuracy and confidence. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2008, doi: 10. 1016/j. obhdp. 01. 005.
  • 10Kruger J. , Windschitl P. D. , & Burrus J. , et al. (2008). The rational side of egocentrism in social comparisons. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2008,44 : 220 - 232.

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社会心理科学
2011年 第9期

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