政府规范与国家意志的强化——论抗战时期国民政府对戏剧团体的组建与管理

The Government's Regulation and the Consolidation of the State's will——On the Construction and Administration of Theatrical Teams in the Period of Anti-Japanese War

抗战时期,组建和管理戏剧团体是国民政府规范戏剧活动的重要环节。管理剧团的行政部门更迭变换,剧团组织由民间自筹到官方组建,乃至对剧团的经济扶植与日常管理中的着重点,都体现了抗战时期国民党政府对于戏剧活动的强烈干预,戏剧作为文化事业的一部分被纳入国家建设的总体规划之中。然而,在剧团管理方面,国民党从立足民族利益的国家统制到立足政党利益的政党专制,走上一条与民主政治背道而驰的道路,对戏剧运动的发展产生不良影响。

In the period Anti-Japanes war the construction and management of theatrical teams was an important part in regulating the theatrical activities under the rule of the kuomintang government.Kuomintang’s intensive interference with the theatrical activities was reflected by the shift form the folk self-organization to authoritative construction,the focus of financial support and daliy administration to the theatrical teams.Thetheatre,as an important part of the cultual undertakings was brought into the national blueprint.However,Kuomintang’s led a way against the democracy shifting from the security of ethnic benefits to the tyranny,which had a negative effect on the development of theatrical activities.