喀什葛尔河流域盐渍化土壤盐分特征分析

Analysis on the characteristics of saline soil on Kashghar river valley

土壤盐渍化是喀什葛尔河流域农业发展面临的主要问题之一。采用相关分析法与主成分分析法分析了喀什葛尔河流域盐渍化土壤盐分特征。结果表明:土壤盐渍化类型以硫酸盐渍土为主,盐渍化程度为重度及中度盐渍化;土壤总盐与SO24-、K+、Na+呈显著正相关,揭示了土壤盐分大小与SO24-、K+、Na+有关;表层的总盐、各盐分离子含量均高于其余土层,即土壤盐分垂直分布呈现表聚性;盐分离子按质量分数大小在土壤剖面基本上呈自上而下的垂直分异特点;盐分组成中,阳离子以K+和Na+为主,阴离子以SO42-为主;8月份表层、0～20cm、20～40cm、40～60cm、60～80cm、80～100cm总含盐量均高于2月份。主成分分析结果表明,SO24-、K+、Na+作为研究区土壤盐渍化状况的特征因子。

Soil salinization is a main problem to agriculture development of kashghar River Valley.The characteristics of saline soil on kashghar River Valley was analyzed by the methods of correlation and principle component analysis.Results showed that the main soil salinity type is sulphate saline soil which is salinized severely and moderately;there is significant relationship between total soil content with SO2-4、K＋、 Na＋ respectively and indicates that the amount of SO2-4、K＋、Na＋ are closely related with total salt content;The amount of total salt content and different ions are higher on surface soil than other soil layers which indicates salts mainly concentrate on surface soil.Mass fraction of salt ions appeare decreasing trend from the soil surface to down on 0-100cm soil profile.Among the component of soil salinity,cations are mainly K＋ and Na＋,while anions are dominated by SO2-4;On August,the total salt content of surface soil layer,0～20cm、20～40cm、40～60cm、60～80cm、80～100cm are higher then that of in February.Principal component analyses showed that SO2-4,K＋,Na＋ ions are Eigen factors of soil salinization on study area.