挡雪墙阻雪效果风洞模拟试验研究

Control effect of snow-retaining wall simulated by wind tunnel simulation experiment

挡雪墙是公路风吹雪雪害防治中常用的一项技术,但其设置参数一直缺乏系统研究。基于风洞模拟试验,利用积雪堆积厚度等值线和积雪堆积剖面线分析,对与主害风垂直时两种高度(1.5m/2.0m)的不透风式挡雪墙积雪形态及积雪量进行研究,结果表明:在吹雪30s条件下,不透风式1.5m/2.0m挡雪墙迎风侧积雪量明显大于背风侧,且挡雪墙越高,其挡雪功能越好。两种高度的挡雪墙在其迎风侧积雪堆积厚度(D)与挡雪墙墙高(H)为3阶多项式函数关系,且堆积曲线趋势基本一致;而背风侧则为2阶多项式函数关系,1.5m高挡雪墙在其迎风侧和背风侧风雪流堆积厚度相对较小且趋势线较平缓。综合分析表明,2.0m的挡雪墙其阻雪效果优于1.5m。

In order to solve some problems existed in drifting snow disaster of highway in pastoral area, wind tun- nel simulation experiments were completed. Thickness isoline of snow cover, cross - hatching of snow cover and model analysis were used to compare snow stacking regularity and moving morphology of unventilated snow pre- vention walls with different heights （1.5m/2.0m） when the angle between the walls and prevailing wind direc-tion was 90°.The results showed that stacking degree of snow content at windward sides of unventilated snow retaining walls （1.5m/2.0m） was obviously greater than that of leeward sides of the walls. Affected by wind and kept back by the wails, snow - bearing wind largely accumulated at windward sides of the walls and generates thicker snow cover. Regression model indicated that snow stacking thickness （D） and the height of snow - retai- ning wails （H） showed the relationship like 3 order polynomial function at windward sides of the walls and thetrend of snow stacking were basically consistent, while showed 2 order polynomial function relationship at leeward sides of the walls. According to the result of primary research, no matter at windward sides or leeward sides Of snow - retaining walls, average thickness, length and variation of snow cover beside snow - retaining walls with the height of 2m were superior to those with the height of 1.5m.